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56 jobs are legally forbidden to women under Russia’s labor code article 253. These include train conductor, carpenter, truck driver, bus driver, butcher, and, randomly, “the obtaining of morphine from raw opium.” Women may not have a job deemed too “arduous,” “harmful” or “dangerous.” Being a metro driver is considered too dangerous for women’s reproductive health because of “strong vibrations, loud noises, poor lighting and a high degree of physical and emotional stress.” What’s more, Aeroflot, Russia’s national airline, determined its stewardesses’ pay scale by their dress size.
